Vertigo is a medical term for a disease where patients often experience a spinning sensation. In medical terms, vertigo refers to the sudden external and internal spinning sensation that is triggered if you move your head quickly. It gives you a sensation where you feel that your surroundings are spinning. Vertigo attacks can develop all of a sudden and may stay for a few seconds or a long time. People having severe vertigo can experience this uncomfortable sensation and its after-effects even for a few days.

Different types of vertigo:

Clinically, two types of vertigo have been discovered, and these are- Peripheral Vertigo and Central Vertigo.

Peripheral Vertigo- It is considered the most common type of this disease, which is caused by issues in areas of a vestibular nerve or inner ear. The vestibular nerve connects the brain with the inner ear.

Central Vertigo- It’s another type, which mainly occurs if there is a problem in the cerebellum.

What causes vertigo?

Vertigo is generally caused if there is a problem in the vestibular nerve. Including this most common factor, a there certain common reason that causes vertigo are-

• The Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) happens when canaliths (tiny calcium particles) are dislodged from their normal location & collect in an inner ear.
• Patients who are anaemic may experience vertigo symptoms.
• In case people have a medical history of diabetes, thyroid disorder, heart disease, can be triggered with vertigo.
• The psychiatric disorder can also cause vertigo in the patients.

What are the symptoms of vertigo?

Vertigo is commonly termed a balance disorder, in which patients often feel the sensation of spinning and lightheadedness. During this sensation, patients can find difficulties in maintaining balance properly. Besides, some common reactions are pukish feeling, sweating, hearing problems, etc. Even sometimes, you can feel ringing in your ear- these symptoms have been reported who have peripheral vertigo. On the other hand, central vertigo symptoms are slightly different where you experience double vision, facial paralysis, weak limbs etc.

Diagnosis of Vertigo:

In the Audiovestibular clinic, doctors follow a long therapeutic protocol, which involves-

• The diagnosis starts by checking the patient’s medical condition thoroughly. Several neurological tests are done to determine the main root cause of this balance disorder. The ailment can occur due to certain neurological problems such as Meniere, vestibular nerve, migraine, etc. These problems have specific medicine.
• Vestibular tests are recommended in the clinic to find out the functionality. Tests like VHIT, VNG, oVEMP, CCG, DVA are done.
• Sometimes the diagnosis involves psychological counselling for the patients with chronic vertigo. Vertigo can also be the reason for certain mental states like depression, anxiety, frustration, etc., since counselling helps a lot in cure.
• Several anti-vertigo medicines are recommended in the Treatment for vertigo to prevent the reactions.